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_________________________________________________________________
Konstantin K. Likharev
Professor of Physics
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800

Phone   631-632-8159
Fax     631-632-8774
E-mail  klikharev@notes.cc.sunysb.edu (or likharev@rsfq1.physics.sunysb.edu)
Web page http://rsfq1.physics.sunysb.edu/~likharev/personal/index.html
Secretary Sara Lutterbie (slutterbie@notes.cc.sunysb.edu, 631-632-8582)

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RSFQ: Current Status

Konstantin K. Likharev
State University of New York at Stony Brook, U.S.A

I will review the recent progress and nearest prospects of the development
of the Rapid Single-Flux-Quantum (RSFQ) logic. Elementary cells of this
family, using overdamped Josephson junctions, store and process digital bits
in the form of single quanta of magnetic flux, while the data exchange
between the cells is provided with picosecond pulses transferred along
superconductor microstrip lines with a speed approaching the speed of light.
As a result, RSFQ circuits may operate the highest speed available in
superconductor digital electronics: simple RSFQ devices have been
demonstrated to operate at frequencies up to 770 GHz. Simultaneously, power
consumption of RSFQ devices is extremely low (about 10^-18 Joule per bit at
4.2 K), thus allowing compact packaging of integrated circuits. Moreover,
the technology of fabrication of the RSFQ circuits using low-T_c
superconductors is considerably simpler than the standard CMOS.  The main
problem with the practical introduction of RSFQ circuits is the necessity of
refrigeration: helium-range closed-cycle refrigerators are still costly and
bulky, while high-T_c implementation of RSFQ circuits run into fabrication
yield and layout problems. However, for several niche applications (A/D and
D/A conversion, digital SQUIDs, RF voltage standards and calibrators, and
digital correlators), the inconvenience of their helium cooling may be
overweighed by the unparalleled performance of low-T_c RSFQ devices even if
they are fabricated using the imperfect present-day technology. For
larger-scale applications (including backbone network switching, digital
signal processing and high-performance computing) a submicron RSFQ
technology is necessary. I will describe in particular our work within the
framework of the HTMT project which has the final goal of building a
petaflops-scale computing facility capable to sustain a performance of 10^15
floating-point operations per second.

RSFQ work at Stony Brook is supported in part by ONR (directly and via
HYPRES),  NSA/NASA via JPL, and Ericsson.
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